Early virus-host interactions dictate the course of a persistent infection.

Early virus-host interactions dictate the course of a persistent infection.

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Many persistent viral infections are characterized by a hypofunctional T cell response and the upregulation of negative immune regulators.These events occur days after the initiation of infection.However, the very early host-virus interactions that determine the establishment lcpl chevrons of viral persistence remain poorly uncharacterized.Here we show that to establish persistence, LCMV must counteract an innate anti-viral immune response within eight hours after infection.

While the virus triggers cytoplasmic RNA sensing pathways soon after infection, LCMV counteracts this pathway through a rapid increase in viral titers leading to a dysfunctional immune response characterized by a high cytokine and chemokine expression profile.This altered immune environment allows for viral replication in the splenic white pulp as well as infection of immune cells essential to an effective anti-viral immune response.Our findings illustrate how early events during infection critically timothée chalamet, +50 more dictate the characteristics of the immune response to infection and facilitate either virus control and clearance or persistence.